Q1. What is the appropriate definition of stunting?

1. low weight-for-height
2. low height-for-age
3. low weight-for-age
4. lack of vitamins and minerals

Answer (b)

Explanation:

Stunting results from chronic undernutrition, which retards linear growth, whereas wasting results from inadequate nutrition over a shorter period, and underweight encompasses both stunting and wasting.

Malnutrition refers to deficiencies or excesses in nutrient intake, imbalance of essential nutrients or impaired nutrient utilization. The double burden of malnutrition consists of both undernutrition and overweight and obesity, as well as diet-related noncommunicable diseases. Undernutrition manifests in four broad forms: wasting, stunting, underweight, and micronutrient deficiencies.

Wasting is defined as low weight-for-height. It often indicates recent and severe weight loss, although it can also persist for a long time. It usually occurs when a person has not had food of adequate quality and quantity and/or they have had frequent or prolonged illnesses. Wasting in children is associated with a higher risk of death if not treated properly.

Stunting is defined as low height-for-age. It is the result of chronic or recurrent undernutrition, usually associated with poverty, poor maternal health and nutrition, frequent illness and/or inappropriate feeding and care in early life. Stunting prevents children from reaching their physical and cognitive potential.

Underweight is defined as low weight-for-age. A child who is underweight may be stunted, wasted or both.

Micronutrient deficiencies are a lack of vitamins and minerals that are essential for body functions such as producing enzymes, hormones and other substances needed for growth and development.

Q2. Anaemia is caused due to lack os

1. Iron
2. Vitamin B12
3. Folic Acid
4. Vitamin A

Select the correct answer from the codes given below

1. 2, 3 and 4
2. 2 and 4
3. 1, 3 and 4
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer (d)

Explanation:

What causes Anaemia?

• One can look at Anaemia as nutritional and non-nutritional (Menstrual blood loss). Nutritional Anaemia can be generally known as something related to what we eat. Lack of vital nutrients is the root cause of Anaemia.
• Among all Anaemia, iron deficiency is the most common cause followed by vitamin B12 Apart from this, insufficient vitamin A, folic acid, and diseases like jaundice can also lead to Anaemia.
• As far as non-nutritional Anaemia is concerned, it can be attributed to a lack of red blood cell (RBC) production in the body and loss of RBCs at a high Unusual hormonal levels and chronic diseases, immune disorders, and infections among others are the common causes behind low RBCs.

Q3. Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB) to eliminate anaemia includes steps like

1. Deworming
2. Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation
3. Delayed umbilical cord clamping
4. Addressing non-nutritional causes of anaemia

Select the correct answer from the codes given below

1. 2, 3 and 4
2. 2 and 4
3. 1, 3 and 4
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer (d)

Explanation:

The interventions for pregnant women under Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB):

• Deworming
• Prophylactic Iron   and    Folic    Acid Supplementation      including Adolescents girls (10-19 years)
• Intensified year-round Behaviour Change Communication (BCC)
• Campaign including ensuring delayed umbilical cord clamping (Delayed umbilical cord clamping has been shown to improve iron stores in infants to 6 months of age)
• Testing of anaemia using digital methods and point of care treatment
• Addressing non-nutritional causes of anaemia in endemic pockets with special focus on malaria, hemoglobinopathies and fluorosis
• Management of severe anaemia in pregnant women undertaken by administration of IV Iron Sucrose/Blood transfusion
• Providing incentives to the ANM for identification and follow-up of pregnant women with severe anaemia in high priority districts (HPDs)

Q4. Recently the government launched the Agnipath scheme for recruitment into

1. All three defence services
2. Army
3. Navy
4. Airforce

Answer (a)

Explanation:

• Defence Minister announced the ‘Agnipath’ scheme for recruitment of youth in the armed forces for four The process of recruitment will commence in 90 days with a planned intake of 46,000 young men and women this year. This will be the only form of recruitment of soldiers into the three defence services from now. Recruits under the scheme will be known as ‘Agniveers’.
• After completing the four-year service, they can apply for regular employment in the armed forces. They may be given priority over others for various jobs in other government departments.
• The ‘Agniveers’will receive an annual package of ₹4.76 lakh in the first year to ₹6.92 lakh in the fourth year, apart from risk and hardship and other allowances as applicable.
• Under the ‘Seva Nidhi’ package, they will receive about ₹11.71 lakh, including contribution and interest, on completion of service. The recruits will have to contribute 30% of their monthly emoluments to Seva Nidhi, with a matching contribution made by the government. There will be no entitlement to gratuity and pension benefits under the However, the ‘Agniveers’ will be provided a non- contributory life insurance cover of ₹48 lakh during their service.

Q5. The Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) is related to

1. Domestic violence
2. Divorce
3. Juvenile delinquency
4. Sexual harassment

Answer (a)

Explanation:

HC: No arrest during ‘cooling period’ of 2 months after FIR under section 498A

In a bid to prevent misuse of section 498A (punishment for cruelty by husband and his relatives) of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), the Allahabad high court has said that after the registration of a first information report (FIR), no arrest should be made before the expiry of a “cooling period” of two months.